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Water Water Everywhere

Posted by Ryan L. / January 5, 2007

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When I was an undergrad at university, I learned about a theory called "The Diamond-Water Paradox". Its pretty simple: it asks "why is water, the one thing we need in the whole universe in order to survive, so cheap or even free; while totally inconsequential objects, like diamonds, so expensive?"

The theory is meant to explain the high cost of rare items, like diamonds. Or the salaries of people with high levels of skill that the average person doesn't have: such as a world-class athletes or neurosurgeons. And until recently, I'd have agreed with it.

Its not that I think there's something nefarious about doctor's salaries or athlete's contracts. Its actually the opposite. We're living in a time when the things that used to be free or cheap are now becoming expensive.

Case and point: organic produce. How is it that an apple that's grown without expensive chemicals would end up costing more on the shelf? You'd think a product with less inputs (e.g. water and sunlight) would cost less to buy because it cost less to make.

And what about water? Does anyone ask themselves how a bottle of water could cost up to three times more than a bottle of soda? Think of the production processes involved:

Soda: chemicals, sugar, colouring, water, preservatives, etc.
Water: dig a hole, profit.

And there's no argument that water is important. Heck, we get it delivered to our house on-demand through a very elaborate system. And for Torontonians, that system is in trouble.

Today, city council announced it is considering a drastic hike in water service fees to try and save our failing system of water mains. The city estimates that it will take over $800 million just to stabilize the systems, which in some sections of the city is over 150 years old.

It is estimated that a 9-12 per cent increase as proposed will impact that average household at about $3.33/month. Think about that the next time you buy a bottle of water. That paradox is down the drain, literally.

Discussion

9 Comments

Steve / January 5, 2007 at 02:13 pm
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Sooner or later (more than likely, sooner than we are prepared for) clean water will become the new oil.
Steve / January 5, 2007 at 02:31 pm
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Sooner or later (more than likely, sooner than we are prepared for) clean water will become the new oil.
Steve / January 5, 2007 at 07:06 pm
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I don't know why it did that (put my comment 3 times). Honest, I am not repeating myself repeating myself: - )
chris / January 6, 2007 at 12:13 pm
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i question the rarity of diamonds and also would like to recommend an interesting read related to the commodification of water.<br />
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<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Blue-Gold-Fight-Corporate-Worlds/dp/1565848136";>Blue Gold: The Fight to Stop the Corporate Theft of the World's Water</a>
Wrenkin / January 6, 2007 at 02:00 pm
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There's probably an incentive to charge more for organic because rich people, who are willing to pay more, have associated the word with quality, but I don't think your use of the word "inputs" is accurate. Labour can be considered an input, and I believe that, without the benefit of pesticides, or lacking similar economies of scale, some things might require more labour to grow.

Not to say there aren't "organic" factory farms; nevertheless, your argument's simplistic. And who said all pesticides are expensive, anyway? If they're so obviously expensive, why weren't companies saving costs and growing organic in the first place?
Steve / January 6, 2007 at 02:08 pm
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Well, for instance, in the beef or poultry industry, they use antibiotics, cheap feed and steroids to get cattle and chickens to grow bigger, faster...chemicals to induce pregnancy so cows give more milk, so factory farming produces more, bigger, faster than organic...so it's probably a wash. Look up the Monsanto scandal with bovine growth hormone...I believe it was a farmer in Saskatchewan who won out against them by not giving in to their tactics. For the most part...I think there may be a "blissful ignorance" on where our food comes from...We don't really know, do we? Then again, we may not want to.
Wrenkin / January 6, 2007 at 02:19 pm
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Also, I'm not sure your two sample professions are the clearest examples of what you're trying to say. Both of them, while there might be some "rarity" involved (especially in the case of the athlete, with respect to innate athletic ability,) require much dedication and investment both in terms of money upfront (paying for training, tuition fees) as well as forgoing other earnings from other jobs while training (If the future neurosurgeon is so smart, he could have been a banker or something during at least some of those 12 or so years of training.) Jobs that require lots of training tend to pay better, or at least offer some rewards later on (glory, etc.)

English PhDs might be a counterexample, but then there are probably too many of them. So demand is important, but neurosurgeons are still going to make more than bus drivers since you're not going to get any of the former if you can't cover their student loans, plus an incentive to cover all that forgone income.
Steve / January 6, 2007 at 04:43 pm
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What I meant was, larger, factory farms, use chemicals, whic may cost a little more, but they make up for in cheap or illegal labor... these are large corporations versus small farmers, and we know how corporations love efficiency, profit and cutting corners.
Rick / January 7, 2007 at 10:00 am
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The Diamond-Water Paradox has to do with some basic economic principals that state the relation between supply and demand. There are obviously other elements that play a role here, but that's what normally sets the price on goods.<br /><br />

It just happens that mineral water in my country (Portugal) just happens to be the cheapest bottled drink you can get. About 1 euro for 5 liter bottle. Where Coca-cola will cost at leat 1 euro for a 0,5 liter bottle.<br /><br />

Why pay more for organic products than non-organic? Well, the organic products have problems with plagues like insects, bad weather, soil erosion, etc. So they produce as much as possible under those conditions.<br />
In non-organic (factory) conditions, there are pesticides to kill the bugs, fertilizers to help the soils and artificial weather conditions that make the growth potential maximum. So there is a lot of product every time.<br />
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So here we get the supply and demand again. Out supply of non-organic is much higher than the organic... and the demand is always overwhelming. So prices are normally higher for organic products.<br /><br />

PS: And yes, I agree that water will be the next oil :)

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